A guide to UTM naming conventions

A clear, well-managed UTM naming convention will reap huge returns down the line when it comes to measuring campaigns, reporting and creating advanced marketing automation flows.

Have no illusion - a lack of an agreed UTM structure will lead to misinterpreting campaign results, wasted advertising budget and slow, painful reporting.

Setting up a clean UTM structure is easy. However, if your organisation is large (and political), Uplifter offers UTM workshops to help you all nail down a UTM taxonomy which works for your entire MarTech stack and every stakeholder.

Before we jump in, if you're looking to create, track and report on UTM parameters at scale, our UTM builder is the go-to choice for marketing teams, analysts and agencies.

What are UTM parameters and why are they important?

UTM parameters are small pieces of code put at the end of a landing page (after a question mark) to tell your analytics and marketing tools where the user came from.

These codes are also known as marketing codes, tracking codes, UTM codes in Google Analytics, and CID codes in Adobe Analytics. Whatever they are called, they all work in the same way... using Query String Parameters.

Query string parameters

Query string parameters are the only way we can send information between websites and apps you don't own, without using cookies. They are more reliable than cookie-based tracking, which requires cookie acceptance.

UTMs are the most popular query string parameters as Google Analytics and Google Ads use them, but many other marketing technology platforms can also read and use them. Adobe Analytics uses Adobe Campaign IDs (CIDs), and Salesforce uses Salesforce IDs (SFIDs) - but most platforms are cross-compatible with all query string parameters.

It's best practice to create a unique campaign link made up of the landing page and multiple UTM parameters for every marketing URL which lands on your website or app, to understand exactly what marketing drives traffic to your website.

If you want to know more about campaign links, why they work and why they’re important, use our campaign links guide.


A quick breakdown of UTM parameters and codes

You can identify the UTMs as the part after the ? in the URL:

https://www.example.com/?utm_source=facebook&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=black_friday

UTM names

The names of the UTMs start with utm_ and tell your analytics tool what type of data is being tracked. In this example there are three: utm_source, utm_medium, and utm_campaign.

Values

The value in your analytics tool is after the = sign. For example, utm_source has the value facebook, utm_medium has social, and utm_campaign has black_friday.

Separated by &

The three UTMs are separated by an &. Additional UTMs or custom parameters can be added by including extra & at the end of any parameter value. For example: &product=coffee


The 5 types of standard UTM codes

It's best practise to use the standard parameters most marketers understand and platforms can read:

  • utm_source: The name of the website, publisher or ad network users came from before clicking on your ad to reach your website or app. Examples: New York Post, Facebook, Google Ads.

  • utm_medium: The type of marketing activity users clicked on to reach your website. Often referred to as 'Channel'. Examples: Display, Paid Search, Paid Social, Organic Social.

  • utm_campaign: The name used to describe a group of marketing activity for a specific period, product or promotion. Examples: Black Friday, Womens Boots, Free delivery.

  • utm_term: Often only used for paid search advertising campaigns. The name of the Paid Search keyword, phase, or type (Broad/Exact/Brand/Generic) typed before clicking on a paid search ad. Examples: boots, womens boots, dr. martens.

  • utm_content: The name of the creative asset (Ad) or subject line (Email) of the marketing that was clicked before visiting your website . Used for A/B testing different ad types. Examples: hot_coffee_image, store_video.

Stop managing UTMs in a spreadsheet!


Uplifter gives your team a centralised UTM builder with locked dropdowns, a shared taxonomy, and a full audit trail, so clean data is the default, not the goal.

Book a demo Try Uplifter for free

Recommended models for UTM naming conventions

There are no set rules for how you name your UTMs; however, I advocate for clear, simple names which can be understood by everyone - internal stakeholders, agencies and customers.

This reduces the risk of applying the wrong UTMs on the wrong marketing link, which can result in you optimising your marketing budget for the wrong channels, campaigns or creatives.

Below are the most common UTM naming taxonomies/conventions:

Basic UTMs

Just clean, basic UTMs with the values after, nothing added, no abbreviations.

Often just the 5 basic UTMs, Source, Medium, Campaign, Content and Term. With the last three being optional, depending on the type of marketing.

Pros

Easy to understand

Easy to spot (and fix) mistakes

Cons

Agencies / PPC teams often want to put more information for reporting or to tie activity to marketing costs / PO's

Can't easily create granular reports by product / business unit / country etc

Best for: Small or simple businesses, with a small amount of advertising.

Advanced UTMs

Using the same basic UTMs above, but also using some or all of the new Google Analytics 4 UTM parameters:

  • utm_creative_format: Defines ad type (e.g., banner, video, native).

  • utm_marketing_tactic: Describes the strategy (e.g., remarketing, prospecting)

  • utm_id: Specifically used to connect clicks to a unique campaign ID in GA4. Google recommends using this for cross-referencing campaign data, especially when importing cost data from non-Google advertising platforms.

Pros

Relatively easy for new users to understand

Easy to spot (and fix) mistakes

Ability to filter campaigns by creative format and marketing tactic in BigQuery (and other platforms) to find additional insights

Cons

Can't easily create granular reports by custom parameter like product / business unit / country, etc

Some MarTech platforms don't read these new GA4 parameters

GA4 doesn't currently let you filter reports by these new parameters, but you can in BigQuery

Best for: Simple e-commerce businesses, where you advertise a lot on ad platforms or have lots of creatives.

Concatenated parameters

Adding multiple parameters to the prefix or suffix of utm_campaign, utm_content and utm_term so you can search and filter by additional parameters.

Example: utm_campaign=credit_cards-uk-best_abroad - Here we have concatenated three parameters, product, country and campaign name into U=utm_campaign separated by dashes (-).

Pros

Uses existing 5 basic UTMs, meaning it can be read by all platforms that read UTMs easily

You can search and filter GA4 reports using one of the concatenated parameters like 'uk' to just bring back uk campaign data, although creating pretty aggregated reports or filtering

Cons

More complicated for new users to learn/understand

Harder to spot (and fix mistakes)

Can't filter and aggregate these parameters easily without running SQL Queries or using a tool like Uplifter

Best for: B2C companies, with multiple business units, products and markets. And B2B companies, with different business units or operating in different markets.

Hybrid UTMs with custom parameters

Using the UTM parameters above and adding custom parameters provides an easy way to split your marketing traffic by parameters important to your organisation.

For example, adding &product=coffee after UTM parameters. Common custom parameters include: Business unit, product, brand, agency, country, language, etc.

Pros

Relatively easy for new users to understand

Easy to spot (and fix) mistakes

Uses existing UTMs, meaning it can be read by platforms that read UTMs

Custom parameters can be read by GA4 if set up correctly

Custom parameters are less likely to be blocked by browsers that remove UTM values

Cons

Requires setting up in Google Analytics 4 / Google Tag Manager

Other Marketing Technology tools might not have the ability to read custom parameters

Agencies might not be familiar with non-UTM parameters

Best for: Large organisations who do a lot of advertising and require custom parameters.

Custom parameters only

Want to fly under the radar? You can use only custom query string parameters by shortening UTM parameters, like "utm_sourcel" to "source" or even just "s". Not recommended for most users, as you lose the cross-compatibility element of UTMs.

Pros

Complete control over your link taxonomy, you don't need to follow the naming convention source/medium/campaign, etc

New parameter names can be shorter, with URL strings less likely to be truncated (although Uplifter prevents this)

Custom parameters can be read by GA4 if set up correctly

Custom parameters are less likely to be blocked by browsers that remove UTM values

Cons

Requires setting up every custom parameter for Google Analytics 4 / Google Tag Manager

Most Marketing Technology tools don't have the ability to read custom parameters

Harder to onboard new marketing and agency staff

Paid media and agency work will be more difficult, as they won't be able to use auto-tagging

Best for: Large organisations which require custom parameters and unique needs. Websites with lots of characters in the URL, meaning long UTMs, could be truncated. Stakeholders worried about UTM query strings being stripped or removed by companies like Apple/Safari browser.


UTM naming conventions: best practices

Choosing the right UTM model is only half the job. Consistent naming keeps your campaign data clean and your reports accurate. Below are examples of good and bad UTM naming conventions to follow when building your tracking links.

Good UTM naming conventions

example.com/?utm_source=facebook&utm_medium=paid_social&utm_campaign=uk-january_sale-awareness

All lowercase

Spaces replaced with underscores _

No acronyms — clear, readable values

Same taxonomy for all channels/agencies

Concatenated parameters separated with a dash -

Bad UTM naming conventions

example.com/?utm_source=FaceBook&utm_medium=PaidSocial&utm_campaign=UK-JanSale-AWR-FB-2024Q1-Promo3-V2

Multiple cases — FaceBook, PaidSocial, UK

Spaces replaced with no spaces or camel case

Acronyms — AWR, FB, Q1

Too many characters

Too many concatenations

Too many parameters

Different taxonomies for different channels or agencies

How to avoid UTM tracking mistakes

  1. Name things clearly, avoid abbreviations or codifying UTM values

  2. Nominate a dedicated owner to design and enforce your UTM taxonomy

  3. Include stakeholders and agencies when designing your UTM taxonomy

  4. Don't let any agency dictate your UTM taxonomy based on what's easiest for them (its your data)

  5. If creating over 100 links, avoid spreadsheets which break under volume - use an online tool like Uplifter

  6. Use an all-in-one link management platform like Uplifter to create short links, app links and QR codes with UTMs to avoid copy and pasting errors

  7. Use an all-in-one link management platform like Uplifter which checks the landing page URL to avoid creating links which don't work

  8. Don't create links to pages which redirect, as this strips off UTM parameters


Free download: UTM governance checklist

33 expert-backed steps to clean UTM data, including the exact spreadsheet structure and the governance layer that makes it work.

Download the checklist

Ready to replace your spreadsheet?

Uplifter gives your team a governed UTM builder with locked dropdowns, a shared taxonomy, and a full audit trail. Set up in minutes, not months.

Try Uplifter for free
Previous
Previous

The best UTM spreadsheet templates

Next
Next

A complete guide to campaign links